This study developed and tested health messages for young adults who might use both cigarettes and nicotine vapes. Researchers used focus groups, interviews and an online survey.
Participants generally responded well to specific information about toxic chemicals and physical health effects. Comparative messages explaining differences between cigarettes and vaping were sometimes useful, but participants warned that such messages could be misunderstood as saying vaping is safe. Messages encouraging people to stop both smoking and vaping were rated more positively than messages encouraging switching to vaping.